I. England: a rising colonial power
II. Francis Drake and his circumnavigation of the globe
III. The Spanish Armada: England’s war with Spain
Main question
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- Privateer – A government-approved pirate who attacks enemy ships to gain treasure and weaken rivals.
- Sea Dogs – Famous English privateers like Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh who raided Spanish ports.
- Circumnavigation – Sailing all the way around the world, like Drake did between 1577–1580.
- Spanish Armada – A large Spanish fleet sent in 1588 to invade England, defeated by the English navy.
- Protestant Wind – A storm that helped the English defeat the Spanish Armada in 1588.
- East India Company – English company founded in 1600 to dominate trade with India and Southeast Asia.
- Maritime Power – Strength at sea, including a strong navy and control of trade routes.
- Colonial Expansion – The process of establishing overseas territories and trade networks.
- Religious Rivalry – Conflict between Protestant England and Catholic Spain that influenced wars and politics.
- Treasure-laden Galleons – Spanish ships full of gold, silver, and spices targeted by English privateers.
- Navigation – The skill of directing ships safely across oceans, crucial for exploration and trade.
- Naval Warfare – Fighting battles at sea using ships, cannons, and strategy.
- Exploration – Traveling to new lands for discovery, trade, or colonization.
- National Hero – A person celebrated for bravery or achievements, like Francis Drake in England.
- Global Empire – A nation controlling territories and trade worldwide, a goal England moved toward.
Picard HG/HGGSP 